SYNONYMY AND VARIATION OF SIMPLE Sentence MODELS IN TURKIC LANGUAGES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of a simple sentence in the Turkic languages. A simple sentence is considered the basic unit of this level of the language system. In modern linguistics, a sentence model is recognized as a unit of language in syntax. The simple sentence model helps to explore important aspects of simple sentence theory. These include issues of synonymy and variation of models of a simple sentence. The model itself consists of a block diagram and a proposition. Within the framework of one proposition, different structural schemes can be distinguished. However, the synonymy of a simple sentence at the model level is still poorly understood. Concepts such as isosemic and non-isosemic models, hypermodel, etc. are used here. Nevertheless, there is still no relatively complete description of syntactic synonymy based on the material of the Turkic languages.  In many cases, there is a problem of delineating synonymy and varying models of a simple sentence. To describe the structural and semantic variants of the simple sentence model, it is important to refer to the concept of the paradigm of the simple sentence model. This concept is used to study the forms of realizations of simple sentence models. It is related to the syntactic category of predicativity. The paradigm of simple sentence models focuses on changes in the form of the predicate. Another promising concept in the aspect of the problems considered in the article is the concept of a hypermodel. According to the authors of the article, this concept can assist in building synonymous blocks in relation to models of a simple sentence. To date, such a concept is relatively fully described in relation to verbal models of a simple sentence. It is clear that this concept can also be extended to a polypredicative sentence. The Turkic languages are characterized by isomorphism of ways of expressing syntactic relations in simple and complex sentences. Therefore, the concept of a hypermodel will help to distinguish between synonymy and variation at these two levels of the syntactic structure of the Turkic languages. On this basis, it is possible to trace the trends in the development of analyticism and synthetism of syntactic constructions.