COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF METAPHOR IN TERM FORMATION

Abstract

The article is devoted to the definition of cognitive mechanisms of metaphor in term formation. The object of the study is the terminology of ophthalmology in Kazakh and English. The subject of the study is a metaphor as a way of presenting special knowledge in the terminology of ophthalmology. The purpose of the study is to explain the features of metaphorical modeling from the point of view of the theory of nomination and cognitive linguistics and the ways of applying the metaphorical system of ophthalmology terminology in Kazakh and English. The purpose and subject of the study were aimed at solving the following specific tasks: 1) Definition of the corpus of metaphorical terms in ophthalmology in Kazakh and English and their nominative characteristics; 2) establishment of the specifics of the metaphorical name in the formation of the term system under study; 3) identification of the main sources of term-metaphors and the construction of metaphorical models in the term system under study; 4) the study of ways to verbalize metaphors and the representation of metaphor models in the term system under study. As the research material, simple, complex Kazakh and English term-metaphors obtained by continuous sampling from monographs, terminological explanatory dictionaries, encyclopedias, reference books, online catalogs, industry journals, as well as official documents, international classifications, etc. are taken. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that its results can contribute to the improvement of the methodology of the analysis of terminological systems of general terminology and terminological systems of ophthalmology. The use of cognitive analysis methods for the study of terms and the definition of the function of metaphors in terms contributes to the further development of the theory of metaphors, provides an additional opportunity for a deeper understanding of the cognitive processes underlying metaphor-terms. The practical significance of the study is manifested in the possibility of interpreting the corpus of metaphors of ophthalmology, as well as using it when reading general lectures and conducting seminars.