THE CONCEPT "NATIVE LAND" IN THE PROVERBS OF THE TURKIC PEOPLES

Abstract

The article presents a complex analysis of the concept “Tugan zher” (Native land) reflected in proverbs and sayings of the Turkic peoples. The purpose of the study is to study the concept of the native land in the knowledge of the Turkic peoples by comparing the concept of "Tugan Zher" in proverbs and sayings, to identify common motives. The function of proverbs and sayings is defined. To analyze the concept “Tugan zher” (Native land) in proverbs and sayings of the Turkic peoples the following tasks were set:

• The study of the semantic and thematic content of Turkic proverbs and sayings in a comparative aspect.
• Determination of the main components and general conceptual value of “Tugan zher” (Native land).
• The meaning of the concepts of Motherland, Country, Homeland, Fatherland for the Turkic peoples.

The scientific value of the study was determined by comparing the concepts and ideas “Tugan zher” (Native land) in the Turkic cognition, national peculiarities of people's world-perception, knowledge about nature and the environment.

Exploring the topic from a scientific point of view, we were convinced that one of the most diverse areas of oral literature common to the Turkic peoples is the work of Mahmud Kashgari "Divan lugat at-Turk", who was one of the first to collect proverbs in the 11th century. The first who researched and collected Kazakh proverbs and sayings were Sh.Valikhanov, Y.Altynsarin, A.Divaev, M.Zh.Kopeev, A.Baitursynov and Russian scientists A.A. Meloransky, V.V.Katarinsky, V.Radlov and G.Zhanibekova, Z.Tashkenti. As well as the works and scientific conclusions of scientists O. Turmanzhanov, M. Gabdullin, M. Alimbaev, S. Kaskabasov at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries, the collection "Poems and proverbs in ancient Turkic folklore" by the Turkish professor Yildirim Ibrahim, the series "Babalar sozi" in 100 volumes were guided by the methodological basis.

A man, admiring the nature of his native land, perceives it not only as a protector but also as the most important category – family, parents. This characterizes its value by comparing it with his parents and family members. Proverbs in the Turkmen language Suw – atadyr, ýer – ene (trans. Water is a father, the Earth is a mother), Watan duzy we ene süýdi – mukaddesdir keramatdyr (trans. The salt of the Homeland and mother’s milk is sacred and almighty), in the Kazakh language Су – әке, жер – ан (trans. Water is Father and the Earth is Mother), in the Kumuk language Ата юртун танымагъан атасын да танымас (trans. Who does not know his Homeland, who does not know his parent). Proverbs and sayings described above show that native land, country is dear to everybody.

The article is valuable in the specificity of the concept “Tugan zher” (Native land) reflected in proverbs and sayings in which the meaning of proverbs and sayings is deepened in the definition of the concept “Tugan zher” (Native land).

The results of the work can be used in the research work of students in the humanities.