M.AUEZOV AND RUSSIAN LITERATURE: IDEOLOGICAL AND ARCHETYPAL ASPECTS

Abstract

The article examines the image of Baktygul in the novella “Shot at the Karash-Karash Pass” by Mukhtar Auezov from a comparative-typological perspective, juxtaposing it with Leo Tolstoy’s Hadji Murat. The study focuses on identifying the archetypal models of the hero, the victim, and the free individual. The relevance of the research lies in the need to interpret Baktygul not only as a representative of a specific historical and social reality, but also as one of the universal heroic types in world culture. An analysis of the correlation of heroic archetypes in Kazakh and Russian literatures makes it possible to reveal the universal human dimension of the national image, which is of particular significance for contemporary comparative literary studies.

The aim of the study is to identify the archetypal foundations of the image of Baktygul and to compare it, from an ideological and psychological perspective, with parallel characters in Russian literature, including the figure of Hadji Murat. The study employed the methods of comparative literary studies and typological analysis.      The findings demonstrate that Baktygul’s struggle for justice, his humanistic essence as a representative of a socially oppressed people, and the inner drama of a personality resisting systemic injustice are examined in substantive and typological correlation with the image of Hadji Murat. The comparison substantiates the argument that Baktygul occupies a place not only in the national literary tradition but also in the system of universal heroic models

of world literature.

The theoretical significance of the research lies in expanding the possibilities for interpreting the concept of the hero in Kazakh literature within the broader context of the global literary process. Its practical significance is determined by the potential application of the findings in university-level literature courses, specialized seminars, and comparative literature curricula. In conclusion, Baktygul is interpreted as a spiritually elevated universal hero who confronts social injustice and prioritizes the public ideal over personal interests.